arpwatch
arpwatch monitors Ethernet/FDDI station activity by maintaining a database of MAC addresses and their associated IP pairs. It alerts system administrators via email on changes like new stations, flip-flops, or reused addresses.
Description
arpwatch is an Ethernet/FDDI station activity monitor that tracks pairings between MAC addresses and IP addresses on the network. It maintains a database and sends email alerts for anomalies such as new station activity, address flip-flops, changes, or reused old addresses. This helps detect unauthorized devices or potential network issues.
Use cases include network security monitoring, intrusion detection, and maintaining visibility into connected devices. For manual management of authorized MAC addresses, arpalert is recommended as an alternative.
The package includes supporting tools like arp2ethers for database conversion, arpfetch and arpsnmp for SNMP-based pairing collection, bihourly for automated tracking, and massagevendor for vendor code processing.
How It Works
arpwatch captures Ethernet traffic using libpcap to build a database (/var/lib/arpwatch/arp.dat) of MAC-IP pairings. It detects changes by comparing new observations against the database and triggers email alerts via sendmail for events like new stations or flip-flops. Related tools use SNMP (via arpfetch/arpsnmp) to query remote hosts for pairings, with bihourly automating periodic checks from host lists.
Installation
sudo apt install arpwatchFlags
Examples
arpwatch -harpsnmp -harpfetch -harp2ethersarp2ethers [ arp.dat file ]bihourlymassagevendor -h